Divine Encounters: A Comparative Study of Gilgamesh and Genesis

Comparative Study of the Flood Accounts in Gilgamesh and Genesis

Introduction

The flood stories in the Gilgamesh Epic and Genesis share numerous similarities, which have puzzled scholars. There are three main possibilities regarding the relationship between these two accounts: first, that the Babylonians borrowed from the Hebrew account; second, that the Hebrew account is dependent on the Babylonian; and third, that both are descended from a common original. The most widely accepted explanation today is the second, suggesting that the biblical account is based on Babylonian material. This poses an awkward problem for Christians, as the Gilgamesh Epic predates the Old Testament. Therefore, it is important to explore and explain the relationship between these two accounts to support the trustworthiness of the Bible and strengthen Christians' faith.

Statement of Purpose

The research question of this study is to investigate the relationship between the flood accounts in the Gilgamesh Epic and Genesis. By comparing five perspectives of these two accounts, we aim to support the trustworthiness of the Bible and strengthen Christians' faith in its authority.

Significance of the Study

Having faith in the authority of the Bible is essential for Christians. It forms the basis for salvation and sanctification. However, there is a growing number of Christians who doubt or do not believe in the truth of the Bible, including its account of Genesis. If someone loses faith in one part of the Bible, it becomes difficult to trust other parts as well. Therefore, it is crucial to examine and understand the relationship between the flood accounts in Gilgamesh and Genesis in order to distinguish truth from falsehood and demonstrate that the Gilgamesh Epic cannot be used to deny the authority of the Bible.

Delimitations

This study focuses on the exegetical study of tablet XI of the Gilgamesh Epic, specifically its flood account, and Genesis 6–10. We primarily use R. C. Thompson's version of the Akkadian text of the Gilgamesh Epic, along with Simo Parpola's version from The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project. For the exegesis of the Genesis account, we refer to Biblia Hebraica. Scripture quotations are taken from the New King James Version, unless otherwise noted.

Methodology

To ensure linguistic reliability, it was important to work from the original Akkadian text of the Gilgamesh Epic, despite its challenges due to broken tablets and unclear words. Exegesis of the Gilgamesh Epic requires the use of its Akkadian text, linguistic dictionaries, grammar books, and other relevant resources. We also analyze the reliability of both accounts using Biblia Hebraica, scientific resources, unpublished material, and historical records.

Key Points

1. Background of the Gilgamesh Epic: In this section, we will provide a brief overview of the Gilgamesh Epic's historical and cultural context.

1. Comparison of Flood Accounts: We will summarize the flood accounts in the Gilgamesh Epic tablet XI and Genesis, highlighting their common elements and differences. We will compare these accounts in various ways to explore their relationship.

2. Ethical Perspective: This section will examine both accounts from an ethical standpoint and compare their teachings on morality, justice, and human behavior.

3. Specific Points Comparison: Here, we will delve into specific points within the flood accounts of Gilgamesh and Genesis and compare them to identify similarities and differences.

4. Scientific Reliability: We will analyze both accounts from the perspective of scientific reliability and explore how well they align with known scientific evidence.

5. Internal Consistency: This section will focus on examining the internal consistency of both accounts to assess their coherence and logical integrity.

6. Comparison with Secular Historical Records: In this section, we will compare the flood accounts in Gilgamesh and Genesis with secular historical records to evaluate their historical accuracy.

Why This Matters

It is crucial for Christians to have a solid understanding and faith in the authority of the Bible. If doubts arise regarding one part of the Bible, it can undermine faith in other parts as well. By examining the relationship between the flood accounts in Gilgamesh and Genesis, we aim to reinforce the trustworthiness of the Bible and strengthen Christians' faith.

Think About It

Consider the implications of the flood accounts in Gilgamesh and Genesis for your own faith and understanding of the Bible. Reflect on how a deeper understanding of these accounts can help you distinguish truth from falsehood and strengthen your confidence in the authority of the Bible.