Unlocking the Meaning of Genesis According to Josephus: A Christian Revelation

Josephus Affirms the Literal Meaning of Genesis

Introduction

Many people argue that the literal interpretation of Genesis is a modern invention, and that most commentators in the past took a long-age view. However, this notion is incorrect. In fact, the majority of interpreters throughout history understood the days of Genesis 1 to be ordinary days. Even those who did not, such as Origen and Augustine, vehemently opposed long-age ideas and affirmed that the world was only thousands of years old. One key figure who stands out among Jewish commentators is Flavius Josephus, a first-century historian who played a crucial role in preserving Jewish history.

The Importance of Scripture in Judaism

Josephus, born in Judea and living there during his formative years, recognized the significance of understanding Jewish history in relation to its religion. He emphasized that the Jewish people regarded their holy books as divine and sacred. In his writings, Josephus affirms that the Jewish canon consists of twenty-two books, with five belonging to Moses, which contain his laws and the traditions from the origin of mankind until his death. According to Josephus, this period spanned nearly 3,000 years. Additionally, he mentions thirteen books by the prophets and four books containing hymns to God and precepts for human conduct.

Josephus' Literal Interpretation of Genesis

Josephus begins his explanation of Judaism by discussing Scripture. He states that Moses, in teaching his countrymen about God's blessings for those who love and serve Him, did not establish his laws based on contracts or rights between individuals. Instead, Moses directed their focus towards God and His creation of the world. Josephus highlights that Moses employed a combination of wise and straightforward explanations when discussing religious matters. This implies that Josephus considered Moses' account of creation in Genesis to be quite literal.

Josephus on Adam to Noah

In his writings, Josephus proceeds to discuss the events of Eden, the Fall, and the ten generations from Adam to Noah. He leaves no room for gaps between Adam and the Flood, just as he did when mentioning the 3,000-year span from Moses to Adam. Josephus's discourse on the Flood reinforces his affirmation of a global flood with no place left uncovered. Furthermore, he confirms that there are no gaps in the genealogies presented in Genesis 5.

Josephus' Unanimous Jewish Interpretation

Throughout his works, Josephus makes note of any Jewish sects that held differing views from the mainstream position he presents. However, he does not mention even a single dissenting Jewish voice regarding the key interpretations of Genesis 1-11. This absence suggests that according to Josephus, there was no significant dissent on these interpretations because their meaning was clear and unambiguous.

Responding to Opponents of Judaism

Josephus also addresses opponents of Judaism who denied the historical accuracy of Jewish Scripture, much like modern opponents of Christianity who deny the history recorded in the Bible. Josephus expresses astonishment at those who believe that only Greek writers should be consulted for ancient facts while disregarding themselves and others. He points out that Greek writers often relied on conjecture rather than solid foundations for their histories, leading to contradictory accounts. Similarly, modern opponents who reject a literal interpretation of Genesis often rely on speculative interpretations rather than accepting the plain meaning of the text.

Why This Matters

Josephus's writings highlight the importance of standing firm on a literal interpretation of Genesis within the modern Church. His affirmation of a literal understanding aligns with the consistent stance held by Jews during Jesus' time in Israel. Embracing a literal interpretation of Genesis allows Christians to uphold the authority and reliability of Scripture as a whole.

Think About It

Consider how Josephus's affirmation of a literal interpretation challenges the prevailing notion that it is a recent invention. Reflect on the importance of a literal understanding of Genesis in maintaining the integrity and reliability of the Bible. How does Josephus's response to opponents of Judaism parallel the need for Christians today to respond to those who reject a literal interpretation of Genesis?