Divine Identity: The Power of Names in Christian Faith

What's in a Name?

In the book of Genesis, a person's name held great significance, often expressing their origin, character, or destiny. The same is true when it comes to the various names used for God in the Bible. In Genesis 1 and 2, different terms are used to describe God for specific reasons.

Elohim

In Genesis chapter 1, the term Elohim is used to refer to God. Elohim is the plural form of El, which corresponds to "God" in English, "theos" in Greek, and "deus" in Latin. Elohim means "the strong one" and emphasizes the omnipotence and power of God as the Creator and Ruler over all of nature and the universe.

While Elohim is a plural word, it is used in a singular form throughout the Old Testament. This indicates that there is something plural about God Himself. It does not mean "gods," but rather highlights God's supreme rulership over all things. Using Elohim in the account of creation emphasizes God's power in creating the vastness of space and the complexities of life on Earth within a short timespan. It underscores His goodness by affirming that He did not sanction death before sin or create through death.

Yahweh = Jehovah

In Genesis 2, starting from verse 4, Moses introduces another Hebrew term for God: Yahweh. Yahweh is often transliterated as "Jehovah" and is usually translated as "Lord" in large and small capitals.

Yahweh is a deeply personal name for the living God. It was revealed to Moses when he encountered the burning bush (Exodus 3:13–15). The name means "I am who I am" or "the self-existent One." It signifies that Elohim has permanent existence and represents the faithfulness and unchangeableness of God. Yahweh is the name used in God's covenantal relationship with His chosen people and in His personal interactions with believers and even opponents, such as Pharaoh.

Genesis 2

Why did Moses use a different term for God in Genesis 2? Does it mean there are two contradictory creation accounts in Genesis 1 and 2?

In Genesis 2, Moses provides more intimate details about God's relationship with the first human couple, Adam and Eve. This personal aspect of their relationship requires using God's name, Yahweh. In Genesis 2, Yahweh is consistently joined with Elohim as Yahweh Elohim, translated as "the Lord God." This combination signifies that Elohim, the Supreme Creator, is also Yahweh, the One who desires a personal relationship with those who walk and talk with Him.

Genesis 2 focuses on the creation of man, the Garden of Eden, and the interactions between Yahweh and Adam. It describes how God made Adam from the dust of the ground, breathed life into him, and assigned him the responsibility of caring for the garden. It also records Yahweh's provision of a suitable mate for Adam and the institution of marriage.

Critics who claim that Genesis 2 presents a contradictory account to Genesis 1 fail to understand Moses' intention. The omission of certain elements like the sun, moon, stars, ocean, or seas in Genesis 2 indicates that Moses did not intend to present a separate creation account. Instead, he provides additional details to emphasize the personal nature of God's relationship with Adam and Eve.

Different Authors?

Some critics argue that the use of Elohim and Yahweh indicates different authors (E and J) who lived long after Moses. This viewpoint stems from the documentary hypothesis (JEDP), which suggests that multiple anonymous authors wrote the Pentateuch hundreds of years after Moses. However, this perspective is not supported by historical evidence. There is no record of these alleged authors or their works, and the idea that the concept of monotheism evolved from polytheism is unfounded.

We can trust the Word of Yahweh, the Creator God who has always existed and will continue to exist. The biblical worldview presented in Genesis provides us with the true history of the universe, Earth, and mankind.

Why This Matters

Understanding the significance of different names for God in Genesis helps us grasp His character and attributes. Elohim highlights His power as the Creator and Ruler over all things, while Yahweh emphasizes His personal nature and faithfulness. Recognizing these aspects deepens our relationship with God and enables us to appreciate His work in creation.

Think About It

Consider how God's use of different names reflects His desire for a personal relationship with humanity. How does understanding this deepen your appreciation for God's involvement in your life? Take a moment to thank Him for His power as Creator and His faithfulness as Yahweh, the Lord God.